Joseph edwards



(No Model.)

J. EDWARDS.

DRIVEN WELL HEAD.

No. 399,747 Patented Mar. 19, 1889.

be pumped.

rricn.

JOSEPH EDYV'ARDS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

DRlVEN-WELL HEAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No 399,747, dated March 19,1889.

Application filed December 21, 1888. Serial No. 294,340. (No model.)

T0 to whom it 'ITLLLZ/ concern.-

Be it known that I, J OSEPH EDWARDS, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Brooklyn, count-y of Kings, and State of NewYork, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Driven Vv ell Heads,of

j which the following is a specification.

tains.

The object of my invention is to provide heads for such wells that willadmit of their being placed on the surface of the lowest ground andallow the atmospheric pressure to come in contact with and act upon thewater contained between the well-tube and suction-pipe, and at the sametime exclude therefrom any and all surface and other impure water, whichI attain by the device illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure 1 represents a transverse vertical section, showing theconnection of the device with the well-tube and suction-pipe of thewell; Fig. 2, a view on the line a: a: of Fig. 1, looking downward; andFig. 3, a view on the line ,2 e of Fig. 1, looking downward.

Similarletters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A A represents the well-tube, and B B the suction-pipe of the well,which extends into the ground far enough to reach the water to Betweenthe well-tube and suction-pipe is a space to allow external air to enterthe well -tube, in order that atmospheric pressure may prevent theformation of a vacuum therein by the action of the pump in drawing waterup through the suction-pipe. On the top of the well-tube A A (which ison the level of the ground) is screwed a heavy collar, O O.

E E E E is a pcculiarly-formed casting,

' water.

which I will call the well'head, and which is screwed upon the top ofthe suction-pipe B B, a portion of which consists of the elbow D, whichmakes the connection bet-ween the suction-pipe B B and the pipe thatleads to the pump, the pipe leading to the pump being bolted to theflangcI I. On the side opposite to the mouth of the elbow D is cored outan air-passage, F, through a longitudinal projection or rib on thecasting E E E E. At the top of this air-passage F is a lateral openinginto which is screwed a union, e, and to the outer end of this union isscrewed an elbow, 71, into which is screwed a pipe, H, which is toextend upward far enough to bring its upper end above the surface of anypossible freshet- The casting E E E E extends in a tubular form abovethe elbow portion of the same, and is closed at its top with a heavycap, G, by means of flange and bolts. From the lower side of this cap Gprojects downward a hollow stem, g, the bottom of which stem spreads outin the form of a circular concave disk or shield, s, standing at such anangle and placed in such a position that when the cap Gis bolted in itsplace the said. shield will form the top bend and surface of the elbowD, except at the bottom opening of the said stem g. The object of thisdisk or shield, forming the top of the elbow D and being a part of thecap G, is to provide for alarge direct passageway from the top of thewellhead down into the suction-pipe, to introduce a sand-shovel toremove the dirt and sand from the bottom of the well, wherein itaccumulates occasionally. The opening in the upper end of the stem 9 isclosed with a screwplug, g,which, if desired, can be removed for thepurpose of attaching a test-gage.

The bottom end of the casting E E E E terminates with a flange, upon theface of which is fastened, within a circular groove, a thick flat bar orring of rubber, c c, to form a transversely and vertically yieldingair-tight fitting or union between the collar 0 on the welltube A A andsuction-pipe B B. The flange that might otherwise be thrust into thejoint of rubber an elastic or yielding joint is pro- 46 by freshet-water. It will be seen that by screwing the well-head E E E E on thesuction-pipe it compresses the rubber union 0 0 between the lower flangeof the well-head and the collar C O on the well-tube A A, which closesall communication between the outer air, water, and dirt and the spacebetween the well-tube and suction-pipe, except through the pipe H andpassage E, which said pipe H extends above all dirt and freshet water,whereby nothing can enter the well-tube except air.

The rubber ring, or rather partition, is not employed wholly or chieflyas packing for the purpose of forming an air-tight joint, as a tightrigid joint could be made by means of white lead or sheet lead orordinary thin leather, or even thin rubber packing; but there is anotherand important object attained by the employment of a thick flatpartition of rubber instead of ordinary rigid packing, and that is toprovide a vertical and lateral elasticity to this union between thewell-tube and suction-pipe. The necessity of this elastic union betweenthese two parts arises from the fact that the water which is constantlydrawn up through the suction -pipe B B from lower depths has a uniformeven temperature at all times of the year, while the collar 0 O and thetop portion of the welltube is submitted to a variety of tempera tureextending over a range of 100 Fahrenheit, which causes a great amount ofex pansion and contraction in the top portion of the well-tube and itscollar 0 0, both laterally and vertically, while in the suction-pipethere is next to no contraction or expansion; but by the employment ofthe flat circular-bar vided which accommodates itself to this unequalexpansion of the parts mentioned and prevents them from breaking orbeing dangerously strained by extreme changes of temperature. Theexpansion and contraction of the conveying-pipe which attaches to theelbow D also require a yielding connection between the well-head and thewell-tube. There fore this yielding connection, attained by the rubberpartition 0 c, is one of the important features of my improvement,especially in its application to the larger-sized wells.

I am aware of a patent, numbered 311,024, granted to F. WV. Miller,January 20, 1885, which provides for two flanges, one being secured tothe suction-pipe and the other to the well-tube, leaving a space betweenthem for the passage of air into the well-tube, but which is alsosubject to the inflowing of freshet-water and other obstructions andimpurities.

Having described the various parts and general construction of my deviceand the operation thereof, what I claim as new and useful, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

In pipe-Wells, the combination of the welltube A A, suction-pipe B B,and well-head E E E E, having the elbow D and the air-passage F, and thepipe H, whereby outer air is admitted to flow in between the saidwell-tube and suctionpipe at any necessary elevation above the top ofthe said well-tube to keep out therefrom all surface-water and otherimpurities, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

JOSEPH EDWARDS.

Witnesses:

FRANK R. J OHNSON, HUNTINGTON PAGE.

